We also thank the four anonymous reviewers for their constructive criticism, which led to significant improvements of ANNA-PALM. We thank E. Rensen and C. Weber for help with experiments and suggestions, B. Lelandais for help with PALM image processing, J.-B. Arbona for polymer simulations and J. Parmar for suggestions that led to the name ANNA-PALM. We thank the IT service of Institut Pasteur, including J.-B. This work was funded by Institut Pasteur, Agence Nationale de la Recherche grant (ANR 14 CE10 0018 02), Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (Equipe FRM, DEQ 20150331762), and the Région Ile de France (DIM Malinf).